Tabriz University of Medical Sciences BioImpacts 2228-5652 1 2 2011 06 15 Translational Researches Require Effective Protocols for Knowledge and Technology Transfer and Integration 71 73 10.5681/bi.2011.010 EN Yadollah Omidi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0067-2475 EDITORIAL 10.5681/bi.2011.010 2011 07 01 2011 07 05 Integration of several disciplines (nonclinical, preclinical and clinical researches) during drug discovery and development through learn and confirm process need a dynamic process "translational medicine" (TM) to give a holistic understanding of the entire process. To achieve the highest impacts, however, effective standard protocols need to be performed.