Tabriz University of Medical Sciences BioImpacts 2228-5652 15 1 2025 01 19 Role of Toll-like receptors in exosome biogenesis and angiogenesis capacity 30333 30333 10.34172/bi.30333 EN Parisa Hassanpour https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1088-153X Fatemeh Sadeghsoltani Mir‑Meghdad Safari Sanya Haiaty Reza Rahbarghazi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3864-9166 Ali Mota Mohamad Rahmati Journal Article 10.34172/bi.30333 2024 02 06 2024 04 16 Adaptive inflammation consists of multiple cellular changes and molecular reactions to protect host cells against several pathological conditions. Along with the activation of varied immune cells, the production and secretion of cytokines arrays can regulate the progression of inflammatory response in a paracrine manner. Among different molecular cascades, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are activated in response to several pathological conditions and damage signals. It has been indicated that extracellular vesicles, especially exosomes (Exos) are key bioshuttles with specific cargoes and are involved in cell-to-cell communication. The role of Exos in the initiation, progression, and cession of inflammation has been previously addressed in terms of cytokine transmission. Whether and how the activation of TLRs can alter the Exo biogenesis and angiogenesis potential in immune cells and endothelial cells (ECs) remains to be elucidated. Here, the cross-talk between the TLRs, Exo biogenesis, and angiogenesis has been highlighted.