Tabriz University of Medical Sciences BioImpacts 2228-5652 15 1 2025 01 19 Lipid-based nanoparticles: advancing therapeutic strategies for vitiligo management 30860 30860 10.34172/bi.30860 EN Mahdi Darvishi Amir Mohammad Chekeni https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-7045 Mohammad Fazelhosseini https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7990-9312 Soheil Rajabalizadeh https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0867-4445 Md. Rizwanullah https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1394-7298 Mohammed Aslam Md. Sabir Alam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2845-0156 Zeenat Iqbal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2798-0390 Mohd. Aamir Mirza https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5780-7601 Journal Article 10.34172/bi.30860 2024 11 19 2025 03 11 Vitiligo, a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of depigmented skin patches, remains a therapeutic challenge due to its multifactorial pathogenesis and the absence of highly effective treatment options. Although the exact etiology of vitiligo is not fully understood, factors such as genetic factors, oxidative stress, autoimmunity, and inflammation are implicated in the destruction of melanocytes. Current therapeutic strategies primarily focus on modulating immune responses and alleviating oxidative stress. Conventional treatments, including topical corticosteroids, phototherapy, and immunosuppressive agents, often exhibit limited efficacy and are associated with significant side effects, limiting their long-term application. In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative approach in drug delivery systems, offering precise targeting, enhanced drug bioavailability, and minimized systemic toxicity. Nanocarrier-based systems especially lipid-based nanoparticles (LNPs) effectively address critical barriers in vitiligo treatment, such as poor drug solubility, rapid degradation, and inadequate skin penetration. Moreover, controlled drug release mechanisms offered by LNPs ensure sustained therapeutic drug levels at the target site, improving efficacy and reducing the frequency of administration. This review provides an overview of vitiligo, its pathogenesis, and the limitations of conventional treatments while highlighting recent advancements in LNPs-based drug delivery systems as a promising strategy for the effective management of vitiligo.