Firooz Safaefar
1 
, Javad Karamdel
2* , Hadi Veladi
1,3* , Masoud Maleki
1,4 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Technical and Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Technical and Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Microsystem Fabrication Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
4 Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: The microfluidic device is highly optimized to remove oocytes from the cumulus-corona cell mass surrounding them. Additionally, it effectively captures and immobilizes the oocytes, aiding in assessing their quality and facilitating the injection of sperm into the oocyte. In this study, a novel microfluidic chip was designed and manufactured using conventional soft lithography methods.
Methods: This research proposes the utilization of a microfluidic chip as a substitute for the conventional manual procedures involved in oocyte denudation, trapping, and immobilization. The microfluidic chip was modeled and simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics® 5.2 software to optimize and enhance its design and performance. The microfluidic chip was fabricated using conventional injection molding techniques on a polydimethylsiloxane substrate by employing soft lithography methods.
Results: A hydrostatic force was applied to guide the oocyte through predetermined pathways to eliminate the cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte. The oocyte was subsequently confined within the designated trap region by utilizing hydraulic resistance along the paths and immobilized by applying vacuum force.
Conclusion: The application of this chip necessitates a lower level of operator expertise compared to enzymatic and mechanical techniques. Moreover, it is feasible to continuously monitor the oocyte's state throughout the procedure. There is a reduced need for cultural media compared to more standard approaches.