Soroush Mostafavi
1 
, Amin Arasteh
2,3 , Seyedeh Mina Mostafavi Montazeri
3 , Seyyedeh Mina Hejazian
2,4 , Farahnoosh Farnood
4 , Sima Abediazar, Abolfazl Barzegari
5,6,7* , Sepideh Zununi Vahed
4* 1 Department of Cardiology, Hazrat-e-Rasool General Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
2 Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3 Clinical Research Development Center of Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
5 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
6 Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology (RCPN), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
7 Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Nanotechnologies for Vascular Medicine and Imaging Team, 99 Av. Jean-Baptiste Clément 93430 Villetaneuse, France
*Corresponding Author: Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Nanotechnologies for Vascular Medicine and Imaging Team, 99 Av. Jean-Baptiste Clément 93430 Villetaneuse, F Email barzegari.abolfazl@gmail.com, sepide.zununi@gmail.com
Abstract
Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a life-threatening cardiac condition with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. This systematic review article highlighted the therapeutic roles of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-derived exosomal microRNAs (exo-miRs) in preclinical models of CAD.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify relevant publications until 04 Apr 2025. The literature review focuses on the origin of MSCs, the technique employed for exosome extraction and identification, the route and frequency of exosomal administration, the mechanisms through which exo-miRs regulate paracrine activity, and their impact on cardiac outcome.
Results: After meticulous evaluation, fifty-six studies were deemed eligible for inclusion in this systematic review. Bone marrow-derived MSCs were the most commonly utilized cell type in the preclinical studies. The majority of studies employed the ultracentrifugation method for exosome isolation from MSCs. The administration of exosomes was primarily achieved through a single intramyocardial injection, utilizing a wide range of exosome concentrations (ranging from 0.02-400 μg/μL).
Conclusion: The included studies predominantly have reported the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, angiogenic, antifibrotic, and reparative effects of MSC-exo-miRs, especially under hypoxic conditions. These findings support the capacity of MSC-exo-miRs to regulate the immune system and facilitate cardiac recovery following an injury.