Abstract
Introduction: Diatoms
are single cell eukaryotic microalgae, which present in nearly every water
habitat make them ideal tools for a wide range of applications such as oil exploration, forensic examination,
environmental indication, biosilica pattern generation, toxicity testing and
eutrophication of aqueous ecosystems. Methods: Essential
information on diatoms were reviewed and discussed towards impacts of diatoms on
biosynthesis and bioremediation. Results: In this review we present the recent
progress in this century on the application of diatoms in waste degradation, synthesis of biomaterial, biomineralization,
toxicity and toxic effects of mineral elements evaluations. Conclusion: Diatoms can
be considered as metal toxicity bioindicators and they can be applied for biomineralization, synthesis of biomaterials, and
degradation of wastes.