Parisa Hassanpour
1,2 
, Fatemeh Sadeghsoltani
3, Mir‑Meghdad Safari
4, Sanya Haiaty
5, Reza Rahbarghazi
2,6* , Ali Mota
1, Mohamad Rahmati
2,1*1 Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2 Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3 Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
4 Virtual School of Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
6 Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Abstract
Adaptive inflammation consists of multiple cellular changes and molecular reactions to protect host cells against several pathological conditions. Along with the activation of varied immune cells, the production and secretion of cytokines arrays can regulate the progression of inflammatory response in a paracrine manner. Among different molecular cascades, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are activated in response to several pathological conditions and damage signals. It has been indicated that extracellular vesicles, especially exosomes (Exos) are key bioshuttles with specific cargoes and are involved in cell-to-cell communication. The role of Exos in the initiation, progression, and cession of inflammation has been previously addressed in terms of cytokine transmission. Whether and how the activation of TLRs can alter the Exo biogenesis and angiogenesis potential in immune cells and endothelial cells (ECs) remains to be elucidated. Here, the cross-talk between the TLRs, Exo biogenesis, and angiogenesis has been highlighted.